Carbureter.



H. W. ALDEN.

GABBURETBB.

APPLICATION FILED APB.16, 1905.

Patented Sept. 2,1913.

Inve wton wltnessea UNITE sra'rns ra rsritr OFFICE.

HERBERT W. ALDEN, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE COLUMBIA MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A.

CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patent ed Sept. l 913.

To all whom 2'15 may concern Be it known that I, llnnnnnr \V. ALnnN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters for Explosion-Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to that type of intcrnal combustion engine in which the gasolcne or other liquid fuel and the air for supporting combustion thereof are mixed before admission to the cylinder of the engine. and the improvements have more special reference to a means for regulating the air and fuel supply proportionately; and the in vention has for its primary object to provide improved and efficient means whereby the speed of the engine may be governed or controlled without varying the proportions of air and explosive, by varying the amount of the explosive mixture admitted to the cylinder.

The laws governing the flow of liquids and gases through orifices are such that for low pressures, such as are found to exist in the carbureting or mixing chamber of a can buretcr, they are practically identical, and it is upon this principle and the working out of the necessary details to produce a carburcter operating upon these laws, that my invention is based. In all carburetors of this type which are now in use the flow of fuel through the nozzle is dependent not only Upon the suction of the engine, but in addition, upon a certain aspirating effect produced by the air passing over or about the fuel nozzle, and my invention has for its object the avoidance of this complexity of causes producing a flow of fuel, so that the flow of both fuel and air may be subject to the above-mentioned law. To accomplish this, therefore, the aspiratory effect of the inflowing air upon the fuel must be eliminated, and it is readily seen that to obtain a uniformly constant mixture under all conditions of speed (the speed of the engine producing variations in the amount of vacuum in the mixing chamber) it is absolutely cssential to have the flow of air and the flow of fuel governed only by the amount of vacuum in the carbureting space, so that there maybe no variations in the proportions of air and fuel passing through the carburcting space. The variation H1 the account existing in the carburcting space is a feature dependent entirely upon the speed of the engine and the amount of opening of the throttle, and therefore it forms an ideal controlling cause, and in my invention is made the sole controlling cause of the flow of air and fuel. To bring about this result. 1t is necessary to arrange the air inlet and the fuel inlet in such relative positions that there is no direct flow of air past the fuel nozzle to produce an aspirating etl'cct about the nozzle.

Referring now to the drawings in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the venience I will call a chamber, to which.

leads an air inlet C. A fuel nozzle D is connected in any suitable way to the supply chamber E, and serves as a fuel inlet to the carbureting chamber. In this figure, I. have shown walls extending from the air inlet into the carbureting chamber, said walls extending to a point adjacent the fuel inlet, and aid in the mingling of the. fuel supply with the air passing into said carbureting chamber. H is a hood or shield herein shown as an inverted cup, which is supported directly over the nozzle 1) and shields the same from the passing air. The casing is cutaway at- M to form a pocket, which extends underneath the hood H and aids in bringing the fuel supply into contact with the past-rushing air.

The usual passages I, J, are provided for circulating fluid for the regulation of temperature if desired. The air and fuel are drawn in by the suction of the engine as in other carburetors of this type, and are inti mately mixed in the carbureting chamber and passed into the combustion chamber of the motor in the usual manner, and it is not necessary to further describe the further action, which is well-known. in the art.

There are, of course, many different ways of constructing the carbureter .to bring about the results described and claimed,

and I have chosen-to illustrate certain SlIl'l-'-' ple constructions which effect the desired result, but I do not limit the invention to the precise constructions shown, but claim broadly the invention on which the con- "structions shown are based, which invention is clearly set forth in the specification and claims. It is known that many others have tried to produce a carbureter in which a uniformly constant mixture is obtained, and many have claimed to have attained the desired results, but it is again pointed out that none of these carbureters have been so constructed that the flow of the'fuel and air have been subject to only one controlling cause, such as is embodied in this in-.

'vention, and therefore they must have failed in their object of supplying always a definite proportion of air and fuel, which is absolutely essential.

What I claim is,'

1. Ina carbureter, a carbureting chamber,a fuel inlet including an orifice free to supply fuel subject solely to suction, leading ,to said chamber, an air inlet and mixture outlet leading to said chamber, means in said chamber to shield the oil orifice and .to deflect the passing air from the oil ori- 2. In a carbureter, a carbureting chamber, a. fuel inlet free to deliver fuel subject solely to suction leading to said chamber, an airinlet and a mixture outlet leading to said chamber, va shield intermediate the air inlet and the mixture outlet, whereby the fuel inlet is protected from the influence of the moving air, said chamber having a pocket adjacent said shield for bringing her, a valveless .fuel inlet and an air inlet,

leading to said chamber, and so disposed relatively that the flow of fuel is entirely dependent upon the vacuum in the carbulet, whereby flow of reter, means adjacent to said fuel inlet to screen it from the inrushing air.

5. The combination in a carbureter,having a valveless fuel inlet and an air inlet, of a shieldto prevent the air-flowing'directly past the fuel inlet.

. 6. The combination in a carbureter, having an upwardly directed fuel inlet, a

shield disposed so that the fuel admittedmay impinge against it, an air inlet above the shield, whereby the air is prevented from impinging against the fuel as it is emitted from the fuel inlet.

7. The combination in a carbureter, having a valveless fuel inlet and an air inlet, of an inverted cup surrounding the fuel infuel by aspiration is prevented.

8. The combination in a 'c'arbureter, havinga valveless fuel inlet and an air inlet, of a shield surrounding the fuel inlet to prevent the-flow of air past the fuel inlet.

91 The combination in a carbureter having an upwardlydirected fuel inlet, "an air.

inlet and a shield so arranged over said fuel inlet that the fuel emitted may impinge on the inside of said shield, and the incoming air prevented from impinging againstthe stream as it leaves the fuel inlet.

*10. In a carbureter, a carbureting chamber, walls in said carburetmg chamber constituting an air inlet passing partially through said carbureting chamber and to a fuel inlet, walls. in said chamber to deflect the air leaving the air inlet whereby the air and fuel, as a mixture, is directed through said carbureting chamber. 11. In' a carbureter, a carbureting chamher, a fuel inlet at the bottom of the chamber, an air inlet at one side and partitions carrying said air toward the bottom of said chamber and around said fuel inlet, a deflector to prevent said air.from impinging upon the fuel inlet. 4

. 12. In a carbureter, a carbureting chamber, an outlet from said carbureting chamber, a valve controlling said outlet, an air inlet to said chamber from one side having a partition in said chamber deflecting the air to the bottom thereof, a fuel inlet having Wall portions so disposed as to deflectthe air when it comes in contact with the fueI and passes the extremity of'the air inlet partition.

This specification signed and witnessed this lOthday of April, A. D. 1905.

HERBERT'W. ALDEN. In the presence of RUDOLPH RIEGE,

A. I. HoLcoMB. 

